{
  "title": "Bounded primary-literature checks: Asian priority pools and sauropod locality caveats",
  "checkedOn": "2026-10-10",
  "scope": "Supplement to the all-parent PBDB collection screen. Positive locality overlaps were checked in selected primary descriptions/reviews for Hadrosauroidea, Mamenchisauridae, Euhelopodidae, Heyuanninae and Parvicursorinae. This is not a complete specimen-level literature review of every genus or an approval of daily-answer eligibility.",
  "interpretation": "These are positive occurrence assertions or explicitly uncertain reports. No absent occurrence is negative evidence; no single type-locality anchor replaces a genus's other documented occurrences. Counts are not disjoint buckets.",
  "sources": {
    "jaculinykus2023": {"title":"Kubo et al. (2023), A new alvarezsaurid dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous Baruungoyot Formation of Mongolia", "url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0293801", "doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0293801", "access":"full primary text", "sections":"Introduction; Materials and methods; Type locality and horizon; Diagnosis"},
    "nemegtomaia2012": {"title":"Fanti, Currie and Badamgarav (2012), New Specimens of Nemegtomaia from the Baruungoyot and Nemegt Formations", "url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0031330", "doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0031330", "access":"full primary text", "sections":"Abstract; Introduction; Geology and stratigraphy; Methods"},
    "oksoko2024": {"title":"Funston (2024), Osteology of the two-fingered oviraptorid Oksoko avarsan", "url":"https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/202/3/zlae011/7609522", "doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae011", "access":"publisher indexed text; direct full-page retrieval failed", "sections":"Provenance and geochemical fingerprinting discussion"},
    "gobihadros2019": {"title":"Tsogtbaatar et al. (2019), A new hadrosauroid from the Late Cretaceous Baynshire Formation of the Gobi Desert", "url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0208480", "doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0208480", "access":"full primary text", "sections":"Geological setting; Holotype and referred material; Locality and horizon; Discussion"},
    "koshisaurus2015": {"title":"Shibata and Azuma (2015), New basal hadrosauroid from the Lower Cretaceous Kitadani Formation", "url":"https://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2015/f/z03914p440f.pdf", "doi":"10.11646/zootaxa.3914.4.3", "access":"publisher abstract and indexed primary PDF", "sections":"Abstract; quarry bonebed description"},
    "yunganglong2013": {"title":"Wang et al. (2013), A New Hadrosauroid Dinosaur from the Early Late Cretaceous of Shanxi Province", "url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0077058", "doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0077058", "access":"full primary text", "sections":"Locality and horizon"},
    "zuoyunlong2015": {"title":"Wang et al. (2015), A second hadrosauroid dinosaur from the early Late Cretaceous of Zuoyun", "url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08912963.2015.1118688", "doi":"10.1080/08912963.2015.1118688", "access":"publisher abstract and indexed author figure", "sections":"Abstract; locality figure discussion"},
    "sirindhorna2015": {"title":"Shibata et al. (2015), A New Basal Hadrosauroid Dinosaur from the Lower Cretaceous Khok Kruat Formation", "url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0145904", "doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0145904", "access":"publisher indexed primary text", "sections":"Abstract; Discussion"},
    "gongpoquansaurus2014": {"title":"You, Li and Dodson (2014), Gongpoquansaurus mazongshanensis comb. nov., in Hadrosaurs", "url":"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/270571183_Gongpoquansaurus_mazongshanensis_Lu_1997_comb_nov_Ornithischia_Hadrosauroidea_from_the_Early_Cretaceous_of_Gansu_Province_northwestern_China", "doi":null, "access":"indexed author-uploaded primary chapter", "sections":"Figure 4.1; Introduction and geological setting, pp. 73–74"},
    "yongjinglong2014": {"title":"Li et al. (2014), A New Titanosaurian Sauropod from the Hekou Group", "url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0085979", "doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0085979", "access":"full primary text", "sections":"Introduction; Field methods"},
    "tunxi2025": {"title":"Ren et al. (2025), Late Jurassic tectono-volcanic evolution and sauropod radiation of eastern Jiangnan orogen", "url":"https://journal.hep.com.cn/cg/EN/PDF/10.31035/cg2023087", "doi":"10.31035/cg2023087", "access":"full primary PDF", "sections":"Introduction and Geological setting, pp. 779–781"},
    "zhanghe2025": {"title":"A new metriacanthosaurid theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Yunnan Province", "url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11971988/", "doi":"10.7717/peerj.19218", "access":"indexed primary text", "sections":"Geological setting"},
    "bellusaurus2018": {"title":"Moore et al. (2018), Cranial anatomy of Bellusaurus sui from the Shishugou Formation", "url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5985764/", "doi":"10.7717/peerj.4881", "access":"primary indexed title and abstract; direct publisher/PMC full retrieval blocked"},
    "klamelisaurus2020": {"title":"Moore et al. (2020), Osteology of Klamelisaurus gobiensis", "url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10101710/", "doi":"10.1080/14772019.2020.1759706", "access":"author institutional repository abstract"},
    "hudiesaurus2021": {"title":"Upchurch et al. (2021), Re-assessment of Hudiesaurus sinojapanorum and evolution of hyper-robust antebrachia", "url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02724634.2021.1994414", "doi":"10.1080/02724634.2021.1994414", "access":"publisher indexed primary text; full direct page blocked", "repositoryUrl":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10135460/7/Mannion_02724634.2021.pdf", "sections":"Locality and horizon; Rhomaleopakhus systematic section"},
    "shaximiao2011": {"title":"Li et al. (2011), Dinosaur assemblages from the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao and Chuanjie formations", "url":"https://vjs.pgi.gov.pl/article/download/26567/18275/39914", "doi":null, "access":"full primary review PDF", "sections":"Introduction; Upper member assemblage; Table 1"},
    "mamen2025": {"title":"A new mamenchisaurid sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Southwest China", "url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-29995-z", "doi":"10.1038/s41598-025-29995-z", "access":"publisher indexed primary text; full page cookie failure", "sections":"Introduction; Discussion"},
    "nankangia2013": {"title":"Lü et al. (2013), A New Oviraptorosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Southern China", "url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0080557", "doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0080557", "access":"full primary text", "sections":"Discussion of Ganzhou taxa"},
    "ganzhousaurus2013": {"title":"Wang et al. (2013), A new oviraptorid from the Upper Cretaceous of southern China", "url":"https://mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.3640.2.7", "doi":"10.11646/zootaxa.3640.2.7", "access":"publisher abstract"},
    "corythoraptor2017": {"title":"Lü et al. (2017), High diversity of the Ganzhou Oviraptorid Fauna increased by a new cassowary-like crested species", "url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5532250/", "doi":"10.1038/s41598-017-05016-6", "access":"indexed primary text"},
    "embryos2016": {"title":"Wang et al. (2016), Elongatoolithid eggs containing oviraptorid embryos from Southern China", "url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4807547/", "doi":"10.1186/s12862-016-0633-0", "access":"indexed primary text", "sections":"Geological setting; taxonomic discussion"}
  },
  "overlaps": [
    {"genera":["Parvicursor","Ceratonykus","Ondogurvel","Khulsanurus","Jaculinykus"],"country":"MN","rank":"formation","name":"Baruungoyot","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"jaculinykus2023","note":"Five genera in the current eleven-member Parvicursorinae pool share this formation. Formation alone is not guaranteed to get below five; use a narrower justified locality or an independent clue."},
    {"genera":["Jaculinykus","Ondogurvel"],"country":"MN","rank":"locality","name":"Nemegt locality","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"jaculinykus2023","note":"The paper explicitly compares both taxa from the same locality. Jaculinykus is from upper Baruungoyot strata in the interfingering interval: locality name must not be mistaken for Nemegt Formation."},
    {"genera":["Nemegtomaia"],"country":"MN","rank":"formation","name":"Baruungoyot","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"nemegtomaia2012","note":"Nesting specimen MPC-D107/15 is referred to this genus and from upper Baruungoyot. This positive record remains even if the preferred anchor is the holotype's Nemegt Formation."},
    {"genera":["Nemegtomaia"],"country":"MN","rank":"formation","name":"Nemegt","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"nemegtomaia2012","note":"The holotype MPC-D100/2112 is reported from the Nemegt Formation at Nemegt locality. Keep both formations. The second new specimen's exact formation is described inconsistently in abstract versus methods; do not rely on that specimen for a precise assignment."},
    {"genera":["Oksoko"],"country":"MN","rank":"formation","name":"Nemegt","certainty":"uncertain","sourceId":"oksoko2024","note":"Geochemical provenance strongly suggests Nemegt Formation, especially Nemegt locality; locality comparison sampling was incomplete. Not a securely observed quarry/discovery anchor."},
    {"genera":["Fukuisaurus","Koshisaurus"],"country":"JP","rank":"formation","name":"Kitadani","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"koshisaurus2015","note":"Both are from Kitadani; the quarry contains distinct bonebeds. A shared quarry/formation cannot become disjoint genus buckets."},
    {"genera":["Yunganglong"],"country":"CN","rank":"formation","name":"Zhumapu","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"yunganglong2013","note":"Type horizon in the lower part of this formation."},
    {"genera":["Zuoyunlong"],"country":"CN","rank":"formation","name":"Zhumapu","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"zuoyunlong2015","note":"Second hadrosauroid from the same formation/locality area as Yunganglong. Combined known overlap is two, before conservative unknowns."},
    {"genera":["Ratchasimasaurus","Sirindhorna","Siamodon"],"country":"TH","rank":"formation","name":"Khok Kruat","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"sirindhorna2015","note":"First two are members of the direct Hadrosauroidea Asian 24-genus pool. Siamodon is outside that direct pool but may still belong in a wider gameplay comparison universe. Do not exclude it based solely on direct-parent screening."},
    {"genera":["Equijubus","Gongpoquansaurus","Jintasaurus","Xuwulong"],"country":"CN","rank":"group","name":"Xinminpu","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"gongpoquansaurus2014","note":"Four hadrosauroids across Gongpoquan and Yujingzi basins. Source explicitly equates Xinminpu and Xinminbao. Group contains Xiagou and Zhonggou formations; group is not globally synonymous with Zhonggou."},
    {"genera":["Equijubus","Gongpoquansaurus","Jintasaurus","Xuwulong"],"country":"CN","rank":"formation","name":"Zhonggou","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"gongpoquansaurus2014","note":"Chapter figure and text place these four in Zhonggou; revised unit mapping cites expedition fieldwork and a personal communication. Preserve this evidence status alongside older group-level entries."},
    {"genera":["Daxiatitan","Yongjinglong"],"country":"CN","rank":"group","name":"Hekou","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"yongjinglong2014","note":"Same Hekou Group near Zhongpu; their quarries are less than one kilometre apart. Huanghetitan liujiaxiaensis also comes from these strata, outside current direct Euhelopodidae pool. Do not falsely label the group as a formation."},
    {"genera":["Anhuilong","Huangshanlong"],"country":"CN","rank":"formation","name":"Hongqin","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"tunxi2025","note":"Both from Hongqin Formation beneath Tunxi Formation. Tunxi is the overlying unit studied, not the dinosaur-bearing formation."},
    {"genera":["Eomamenchisaurus","Yuanmousaurus"],"country":"CN","rank":"formation","name":"Zhanghe","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"zhanghe2025","note":"Primary geological setting explicitly reports both here. Does not resolve their debated taxonomic distinction."},
    {"genera":["Bellusaurus"],"country":"CN","rank":"formation","name":"Shishugou","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"bellusaurus2018","note":"Formation established by the primary study; no exhaustive geographic-range assertion."},
    {"genera":["Klamelisaurus"],"country":"CN","rank":"formation","name":"Shishugou","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"klamelisaurus2020","note":"Together with Bellusaurus, two positive members of the selected Mamenchisauridae pool. Broader Shishugou membership requires collection/literature checks."},
    {"genera":["Hudiesaurus","Rhomaleopakhus"],"country":"CN","rank":"formation","name":"Kalazha","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"hudiesaurus2021","note":"Latest reassessment assigns both to lower Kalazha, Qiketai, Turpan Basin. Forelimb formerly referred to Hudiesaurus is Rhomaleopakhus. Older Qigu assignment is not an orthographic alias."},
    {"genera":["Mamenchisaurus","Omeisaurus","Daanosaurus","Zigongosaurus"],"country":"CN","rank":"formation","name":"Upper Shaximiao","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"shaximiao2011","note":"Review reports these taxa, treating Zigongosaurus as Mamenchisaurus fuxiensis. PBDB currently keeps both genera; that does not establish two independently viable answers. Older classification is not a new roster decision."},
    {"genera":["Qijianglong"],"country":"CN","rank":"formation","name":"Upper Shaximiao","certainty":"uncertain","sourceId":"mamen2025","note":"Recent paper cites reassignment from Suining based on unpublished museum surveys. Retain dispute; do not automatically equate Suining with Upper Shaximiao."},
    {"genera":["Banji","Ganzhousaurus","Jiangxisaurus"],"country":"CN","rank":"formation","name":"Nanxiong","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"embryos2016","note":"Paper's geological setting lists these genera from Ganzhou red beds, called Nanxiong Group there. Related primary descriptions use Nanxiong Formation. Rank variation requires explicit modelling, not a silent group/formation alias."},
    {"genera":["Ganzhousaurus"],"country":"CN","rank":"formation","name":"Nanxiong","certainty":"reported","sourceId":"ganzhousaurus2013","note":"Original description states Nanxiong Formation of Nankang County, Ganzhou City."}
  ],
  "aliases": [
    {"rank":"formation","country":"MN","names":["Baruungoyot","Barun Goyot"],"sourceId":"jaculinykus2023","note":"The type-locality statement explicitly equates these names."},
    {"rank":"group","country":"CN","names":["Xinminpu","Xinminbao"],"sourceId":"gongpoquansaurus2014","note":"Explicit equality in chapter. This alias does not collapse group and formation ranks."}
  ],
  "hierarchyCautions": [
    {"names":["Nemegt locality","Nemegt Basin","Nemegt Formation"],"sourceId":"jaculinykus2023","note":"Three different scopes. Locality contains exposures assigned to both Baruungoyot and Nemegt formations."},
    {"names":["Lower Shaximiao","Upper Shaximiao","Shaximiao"],"sourceId":"shaximiao2011","note":"Review proposes lower/upper members of one formation, while other papers treat two formations. Retain subunit precision; broad Shaximiao claims overlap both rather than create equal strings."},
    {"names":["Nanxiong Group","Nanxiong Formation","Ganzhou","Heyuan","Dalangshan"],"sourceId":"embryos2016","note":"Same broad regional red-bed vocabulary is used at differing stratigraphic ranks. Do not merge all southern Chinese basins or assign all heyuanines to Nanxiong on reputation."},
    {"names":["Hekou Group","Xiagou Formation","Xinminpu Group"],"sourceId":"yongjinglong2014","note":"Gansu geography alone cannot merge these stratigraphic units."}
  ],
  "needsReview": [
    "Full referred-specimen ranges and revised taxonomic assignments for all members, beyond positive overlaps above.",
    "Heyuannia/Ingenia historical generic identities and species combinations before attaching multi-species geography.",
    "Conchoraptor possible Nemegt records versus secure Barun Goyot records; original detailed provenance review not completed here.",
    "Shixinggia, Heyuannia and Jiangxisaurus precise stratigraphic units and Nanxiong Group/Formation usage, rather than treating South China as one unit.",
    "Oksoko inferred provenance must not supply a confident type-discovery quarry.",
    "Qijianglong's reported Suining versus Upper Shaximiao provenance dispute.",
    "Zigongosaurus/Mamenchisaurus scientific synonym issues before using a five-genus Shaximiao count as five independently guessable animals.",
    "Direct PBDB parent pools are diagnostics, not necessarily the full descendant candidate universe used by gameplay."
  ]
}